{"id":8350,"date":"2013-08-27T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-08-27T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/doluong.bna.vn\/benh-dai-dam-o-tre-em-va-cach-chua-tri\/"},"modified":"2013-08-27T22:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-08-27T22:00:00","slug":"benh-dai-dam-o-tre-em-va-cach-chua-tri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/?p=8350","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e1i d\u1ea7m \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110ái d\u1ea7m là ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh thông th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em. Kho\u1ea3ng 15-20% tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 5 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh \u0110D. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i mà không th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m soát \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111i ti\u1ec3u là \u0111ã b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


\n<\/span><\/span>\u0110ái d\u1ea7m là gì và tr\u1ebb nào hay \u0111ái d\u1ea7m?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


\nKho\u1ea3ng 15-20% tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh t\u1edbi 5 tu\u1ed5i \u0111ái d\u1ea7m liên miên, không bao gi\u1edd ng\u1ee7 trên gi\u01b0\u1eddng khô ráo, \u0111ây là d\u1ea1ng \u0111ái d\u1ea7m týp 1 (primary noctumal enuresis).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng 3-8% tr\u1ebb em t\u1eeb 5-12 tu\u1ed5i có lúc \u0111ã ng\u1eebng \u0111ái d\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6 tháng, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i \u0111ái d\u1ea7m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, là d\u1ea1ng \u0111ái d\u1ea7m týp 2 (secondary noctumal enuresis).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Có t\u1edbi 2-5% tr\u1ebb em \u0111ã l\u1edbn r\u1ed3i, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i v\u1ecb thành niên, v\u1eabn còn \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. B\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m có tính ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n: n\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb9 thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf hay \u0111ái d\u1ea7m thì 40% con cái c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1 l\u1eabn m\u1eb9 thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m thì 70-75% con cái c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Cho tr\u1ebb \u0111i ti\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u1ee7.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/span><\/span>Nh\u1eefng nguyên nhân \u0111ái d\u1ea7m<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


\nNguyên nhân hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c rõ ràng. Tuy nhiên, ki\u1ec3m soát ti\u1ec3u ti\u1ec7n tùy thu\u1ed9c vào nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, ví d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phát tri\u1ec3n bàng quang không t\u1ed1t, hay bàng quang nh\u1ecf quá.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– Không ki\u1ec3m soát \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ti\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– Không ki\u1ec3m soát \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 bàng quang.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– Ch\u1eadm phát tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n kinh c\u0169ng có th\u1ec3 sinh ra \u0111ái d\u1ea7m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi bàng quang \u0111ã \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u mà tr\u1ebb v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a mu\u1ed1n th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c, s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. Các b\u1eadc ph\u1ee5 huynh th\u01b0\u1eddng than phi\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng con cái ng\u1ee7 say quá nên \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c \u0111ái d\u1ea7m không liên quan t\u1edbi gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu chúng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i ti\u1ec3u thì s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1ecb \u0111ái d\u1ea7m h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh sau \u0111ây có th\u1ec3 hay \u0111ái d\u1ea7m<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


\nB\u1ecb c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng tâm lý.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi ng\u1ee7 hay ngáy to, vì b\u1ecb sùi vòm h\u1ecdng hay còn g\u1ecdi là V.A, hay có c\u1ee5c th\u1ecbt th\u1eeba trong c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i ti\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuyên, b\u1ecb bu\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u (nhi\u1ec5m trùng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i ti\u1ec3u són. Con gái th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i \u0111è lên chân hay chân ng\u1ed3i b\u1eaft chéo \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u. Còn con trai thì l\u1ea5y tay b\u1ee5m l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i ti\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1ea5t tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái tháo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1ec7nh th\u1eadn).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u y\u1ebfu, c\u1ea3 \u0111êm hay ngày \u0111\u1ec1u hay ti\u1ec3u són (b\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110ái d\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi tâm lý tr\u1ebb em<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


\nTr\u1ebb b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tâm lý ít \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111ái d\u1ea7m gây nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tâm lý cho tr\u1ebb. Ví d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 huynh than phi\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng, con cái \u0111ái d\u1ea7m gây phi\u1ec1n hà cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong gia \u0111ình \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho nhau vì con cái \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. \u0110ôi khi ph\u1ee5 huynh còn tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t con em vì t\u1ed9i \u0111ái d\u1ea7m… L\u1edbn h\u01a1n 10 tu\u1ed5i mà còn b\u1ecb \u0111ái d\u1ea7m, tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh tâm lý, ví d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: tr\u1ebb không \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n sóc, không chú ý, b\u1ecb c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u, không thích ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb khác. Tâm tính tr\u1ebb em b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, khó ch\u1ecbu, vì c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 mình không ki\u1ec3m soát \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chính mình.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa \u0111ái d\u1ea7m g\u1ed3m có: oxybutynin chloride (ditropan), imi pramine HCl (tofranil), d e s m o p r e s s i n a c e t a t e (DDAVP). Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa \u0111ái d\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, tùy theo nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khác nhau, c\u1ea7n có \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a bác s\u0129 và c\u1ea7n có bác s\u0129 theo dõi.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp ch\u1eefa \u0111ái d\u1ea7m khác<\/font><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Tùy theo môi tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh: th\u01b0\u1eddng thì khi \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111i khám b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111ã th\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp khác nhau \u0111\u1ec3 tìm cách gi\u1ea3m b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. Ví d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf không cho con u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i ng\u1ee7, hay \u0111ánh th\u1ee9c con d\u1eady \u0111i ti\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111i ng\u1ee7.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Khi tr\u1ebb \u0111ã \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i \u0111i h\u1ecdc thì nên tr\u1ea3i mi\u1ebfng ni – lông trên gi\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n là b\u1eaft tr\u1ebb \u0111óng tã gi\u1ea5y. Nên \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111èn \u0111êm g\u1ea7n ch\u1ed7 \u0111i ti\u1ec3u, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb không ng\u1ea1i khi tr\u1edf d\u1eady \u0111i ti\u1ec3u.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Nên giúp \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1ebb qua nh\u1eefng lúc khó kh\u0103n, \u0111\u1eebng tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t tr\u1ebb. Không nên \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho tr\u1ebb, mà ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nên giúp tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, có trách nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 có th\u1ec3 làm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gì c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 làm. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c, t\u1ef1 \u0111i ti\u1ec3u, hay \u0111êm nào không b\u1ecb \u0111ái d\u1ea7m, thì nên khen ng\u1ee3i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp này có th\u1ec3 giúp tr\u1ebb kh\u1ecfi h\u1eb3n \u0111ái d\u1ea7m, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 lên \u0111\u1ebfn 25%. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp này c\u0169ng giúp tr\u1ebb thêm ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m soát \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111ái d\u1ea7m, kho\u1ea3ng 75%.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

T\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n bàng quang, nh\u1ea5t là trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bàng quang quá nh\u1ecf. T\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng cách lúc \u0111ang \u0111i ti\u1ec3u, t\u1ef1 ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, kéo dài \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u. C\u0169ng có th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ban ngày.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 báo \u0111\u1ed9ng lúc \u0111ái d\u1ea7m: có l\u1ebd \u0111ây là ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 báo th\u1ee9c gài vào trong qu\u1ea7n lót c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. Khi \u0111ái d\u1ea7m, n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u trong qu\u1ea7n làm t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m giúp phát ra tín hi\u1ec7u làm \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 reo vang, \u0111ánh th\u1ee9c tr\u1ebb d\u1eady \u0111i ti\u1ec3u. Th\u01b0\u1eddng thì ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u0110ôi khi có th\u1ec3 dùng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p: v\u1eeba dùng thu\u1ed1c, v\u1eeba dùng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 báo th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

(ST)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110ái d\u1ea7m là ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh thông th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em. Kho\u1ea3ng 15-20% tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 5 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh \u0110D. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i mà không th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m soát \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111i ti\u1ec3u là \u0111ã b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111ái d\u1ea7m. \u0110ái d\u1ea7m là gì và tr\u1ebb nào hay \u0111ái d\u1ea7m? Kho\u1ea3ng 15-20% tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[9],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8350"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8350"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8350\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doluong.gov.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}